Model comparison

Data Cutoff: July 10, 2026Results generated: 2026-07-14 00:41 UTC
ModelLOOLOO SEParamsEst. N (95% CrI)Dark figure (95% CrI)Rank
M2-180.020.0364,250.3 (2,685.8–7,335.1)3,074.3 (1,509.8–6,159.1)0
M3-180.020.0363,107.2 (1,881.9–5,298.9)1,931.2 (705.9–4,122.9)1
M1-190.020.0302,712.4 (2,454–2,990)1,536.4 (1,278–1,814)2
M0-800.0120.01271,343.8 (1,319–1,370)167.8 (143–194)3

Selected model

Models M2, M3 are within ΔLOO < 2.0 of the best. Selected 'M2' as the simplest (fewest parameters).

LOO comparison

Model definitions & assumptions

M2
log(μ_c) = β₀ + Σ βₖ·Sₖ + Σᵢ<ⱼ βᵢⱼ·Sᵢ·Sⱼ + β_sex·sex + β_age·age_grp
Pairwise interactions (stratified). Extends M1 with all two-way source interaction terms (S₁·S₂, S₁·S₃, S₂·S₃). Captures positive or negative dependence between any pair of lists.
M3
log(μ_c) = β₀ + Σ βₖ·Sₖ + Σᵢ<ⱼ βᵢⱼ·Sᵢ·Sⱼ + β₁₂₃·S₁·S₂·S₃ + β_sex·sex + β_age·age_grp
Three-way interactions (stratified). Adds the three-way interaction term (S₁·S₂·S₃) to M2, modelling the most complex dependence structure between all three lists.
M1
log(μ_c) = β₀ + Σ βₖ·Sₖ + β_sex·sex + β_age·age_grp
Main effects (stratified). Adds individual source effects (S₁, S₂, S₃) as main effects alongside demographic covariates. Allows different base capture rates per source but assumes no pairwise dependence.
M0
log(μ_c) = β₀ + β_sex·sex + β_age·age_grp
Independence model (pooled strata). Assumes all three lists capture individuals independently — no interactions between sources. Includes demographic covariates (sex, age group) only.